Development of preliminary framework for integrated chemical safety and security risk management in laboratory environments

Safety and security are often assessed independently, despite their close interrelation. Previous studies have introduced integrated approaches to safety and security risk analysis, but this effort predominantly focused on computerized systems and process industry. In response, this study unveils a comprehensive risk management framework tailored specifically for chemical safety and security within laboratory settings, drawing on established concepts from safety, security, and cybersecurity risk management. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method was utilized to present the findings from a review of 19 materials sourced from ScienceDirect and Web of Science (WoS) databases. This review revealed five elements within ‘Plan,’ nine within ‘Do,’ three within ‘Check,’ and two within ‘Act’. The information from selected articles is then utilized in developing the Integrated Chemical Safety and Security Risk Management Framework. The framework is built upon the renowned ‘Deming Cycle’, articulated across four pivotal phases: Plan, Do, Check, and Act. ‘Plan’ phase establishes the risk management context, execution plan, and roles of committee members. The ‘Do’ phase highlights on conducting assessments, implementing risk treatment and awareness programs addressing both chemical safety and security. The ‘Check’ phase emphasizes monitoring the effectiveness of risk management and control measures, while the ‘Act’ phase underscores the importance of communication, consultation and reporting. This study represents a significant step toward a holistic and integrated approach to safety and security risk management, providing a strong foundation for future framework enhancements and targeted interventions.