Barriers for implementing circular economy in the construction industry of Bangladesh: Engineer perspective

The construction industry is essential in the economic development of Bangladesh. Yet, it poses significant environmental and social challenges, necessitating a transition towards circular economy (CE) in achieving sustainability as a holistic approach. However, the effective implementation of CE principles faces significant challenges, particularly in the context of Bangladesh, associated with high population density and rapid urbanisation despite limited resources. Despite all the problems stated, this research investigates the barriers hindering the adoption of CE practices within the Bangladeshi construction industry (BCI). Utilising a semi-structured interview approach, perspectives were gathered from 20 engineers deeply involved in various sectors of the BCI. The thematic analysis of the interview transcripts yielded five themes of challenges, namely, economic and financial constraints, policy and regulatory challenges, skill and capacity deficiencies, sociocultural barriers and technical barriers. Theoretically, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding the implementation of CE strategies in emerging economies like Bangladesh. Practically, the findings would aid policymakers, researchers and industry stakeholders in developing, prioritising and implementing policies and strategies to facilitate the transition toward a circular construction industry. It also underscores some significant issues to consider in the pathway in achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 12 (Responsible Production and Consumption).