M. A., Mohd Ali and R. M., Yunus and Cheng, C. K. and Jolius, Gimbun (2015) Successive Optimisation of Waste Cooking Oil Transesterification in a Continuous Microwave Assisted Reactor. RSC Advances, 5 (94). pp. 76743-76751. ISSN 2046-2069. (Published)
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Abstract
This paper presents an optimization study of waste cooking oil (WCO) transesterification in a continuous microwave assisted reactor (CMAR). The custom-built CMAR employed an integrated proportional-integral-derivative controller for accurate control of temperature and reactant flowrate. The fatty acid methyl ester contents in the sample were determined using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results from two-level factorial design showed that the methanol to oil molar ratio, amount of NaOCH3 catalyst and reaction time influenced markedly the biodiesel conversion, with the significance of 45.99%, 6.76% and 3.21%, respectively. Further analysis using a successive optimization method generated by the Box–Behnken design predicted an optimum biodiesel conversion of circa 97.13% at 0.68 wt% of catalyst loading, 11.62 : 1 of methanol to oil molar ratio and 4.47 min of reaction time. Experimental validation of the optimum conditions showed an excellent agreement, with a minimum deviation of 0.18% from three replicates. The biodiesel produced in this work also met the specification of ASTM D6751.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Specialty Chemical |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Centre of Excellence: Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Mrs. Neng Sury Sulaiman |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Nov 2015 08:18 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2018 03:53 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11252 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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