Nazratul Zaheera, Abdul Kapor and Gaanty Pragas, Maniam and Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim (2017) Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate using Sulfonated Alumina. In: Proceeding Of ICBN 2017 Langkawi, Malaysia , 29-30 March 2017 , Langkawi, Malaysia. pp. 36-39.. ISBN 978-967-13620-4-4
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Abstract
With increasing environmental concern around the world, alternative energy became more and more important. Biodiesel is one of favorable alternative fuel which has been implemented widely by blended to fossil diesel. Palm fatty acid distillate, by-product from palm oil refinery is one of sources utilized to produce biodiesel. As the palm fatty acid distillate has high free fatty acid content, the catalyst used should be acidic in nature. Sulfonated alumina catalyst, having pH between 1.8 and 3.0, prepared by wet impregnation method using sulfuric acid, is used to aid the esterification process. Variation of reaction time, methanol to PFAD molar ratio and catalyst amount were implemented to get the highest possible conversion of >80%.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Lecture) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | palm oil; Biodiesel; Sulfonated alumina, fatty acid |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Industrial Sciences And Technology |
| Depositing User: | Noorul Farina Arifin |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2018 08:19 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Sep 2021 02:24 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19796 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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