Ernawan, Ferda and Aminuddin, Afrig and Eh Phon, Danakorn Nincarean and Mohd Faizal, Ab Razak and Ahmad Firdaus, Zainal Abidin (2022) Three layer authentications with a spiral block mapping to prove authenticity in medical images. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA), 13 (4). pp. 211-223. ISSN 2158-107X; 2156-5570(Online). (Published)
|
Pdf
Three Layer authentications with a spiral block mapping to prove authenticity in medical images.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Digital medical image has a potential to be manipulated by unauthorized persons due to advanced communication technology. Verifying integrity and authenticity have become important issues on the medical image. This paper proposed a self-embedding watermark using a spiral block mapping for tamper detection and restoration. The block-based coding with the size of 3x3 was applied to perform selfembedding watermark with two authentication bits and seven recovery bits. The authentication bits are obtained from a set of condition between sub-block and block image, and the parity bits of each sub-block. The authentication bits and the recovery bits are embedded in the least significant bits using the proposed spiral block mapping. The recovery bits are embedded into different sub-blocks based on a spiral block mapping. The watermarked images were tested under various tampered images such as blurred image, unsharp-masking, copy-move, mosaic, noise, removal, and sharpening. The experimental results show that the scheme achieved a PSNR value of about 51.29 dB and a SSIM value of about 0.994 on the watermarked image. The scheme showed tamper localization with accuracy of 93.8%. In addition, the proposed scheme does not require external information to perform recovery bits. The proposed scheme was able to recover the tampered image with a PSNR value of 40.45 dB and a SSIM value of 0.994.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Indexed by Scopus |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Fragile watermarking; Image authentication; Medical image; Self-embedding; Self-recovery; Spiral block mapping |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76 Computer software T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Computing |
| Depositing User: | Mr Muhamad Firdaus Janih@Jaini |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Nov 2022 07:41 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Nov 2022 07:41 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34937 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |