Sin, Phin Yin and Tan, Suat Hian and Mohd Fazli, Farida Asras and Lee, Chin Mei and Muhammad Adam lee, Abdullah (2024) Probiotic growth pattern and physicochemical evaluation of water kefir fermentation. Malaysian Applied Biology, 53 (2). pp. 21-30. ISSN 0126-8643. (Published)
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Abstract
Probiotics are live-friendly microorganisms that can confer a health benefit on the host if it is consumed in sufficient amounts. Water kefir is a probiotic-rich fermented beverage that contains multi-species of live cultures. Brown sugar and palm sugar were used for water kefir fermentation due to their high sucrose and mineral contents. The objective of this study was to determine the probiotic growth pattern of water kefir and to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, including the pH changes, lactic acid content, reducing sugar content, and total soluble solids. The fermented water kefir was collected at every 6-hour interval, until the end of 72 hours of fermentation. The growth curve was determined by enumerated probiotics on De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar, Yeast Extract-Peptone-Dextrose (YPD) agar, and Gluconobacter (GM) agar plates, respectively. MRS, YPD, and GM agar plates were used to enumerate lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and acetic acid bacteria, respectively. The result showed increased probiotic growth as fermentation time increased with different phases observed from the growth curve. The stationary phase of probiotics was recorded at 30-42 h and was recommended as the optimal harvesting point. Besides, longer fermentation time produced lower pH values and lower total soluble solids while higher lactic acid and higher reducing sugars. At the end of fermentation, the concentration of lactic acid and reducing sugars were 2.16 ± 0.09 g/L and 13.66 ± 0.14 mg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, probiotics from water kefir fermentation are suggested to be best harvested between 30-42 hours and can be used for self-consume or downstream processing.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Brown Sugar; Fermentation; Probiotics; Palm Sugar; Water Kefir |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Industrial Sciences And Technology Institute of Postgraduate Studies |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Norsaini Abdul Samat |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2024 02:01 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2024 02:01 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/41991 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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