Siti Nurul Najiah, Abd Rasid (2017) Phytosterol esters formation from cocoa shell waste and jatropha seeds oil (CSW-TJO). Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang.
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Abstract
Phytosterol ester from esterification phytosterol from plant source such as cocoa shell waste and jatropha oil methyl ester have attracted great interest as a new source since the conventional source which is from edible source was not relevant in present due to its shortage. Moreover, the urgent needs of phytosterols ester in various field industries especially in medical and food industries has forced large production of sterol ester. This research was aimed to produce phytosterols ester from cocoa shell waste and Jatropha il in the presence of solid catalyst (treated egg shell) and to investigate the effect of reaction time, reaction temperature and molar ratio of oil extracted from cocoa shell waste and jatropha oil. The practical study was carried out by using UAE-HD to extract phytosterol from cocoa shell waste and two-stage transesterfication method to extract methyl ester from the jatropha oil. Two-stage transesterfication is the suitable method used to reduce high free fatty acid content in jatropha oil and increase the methyl ester yield. Based on this research studies the highest yield of phytosterol was 0.001099274% and the optimum parameter for production of phytosterol ester was at reaction time 5 hours, temperature of 70ºC and ratio (cocoa shell waste oil to methyl ester) of 1:3.
| Item Type: | Undergraduates Project Papers |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Project Paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2017, SV: PM. DR. IR SAID NURDIN, NO. CD: 11187 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Phytosterol ester; Cocoa shell waste; Jatropha seeds oil |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Mrs. Sufarini Mohd Sudin |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Dec 2018 03:17 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Nov 2023 06:49 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23023 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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