Khan, Tanveer Ahmed and Kim, Hyun-Joong and Gupta, Arun and Saidatul Shima, Jamari and Rajan, Jose (2019) Synthesis and characterization of carbon microspheres from rubber wood by hydrothermal carbonization. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 94 (5). pp. 1374-1383. ISSN 1097-4660. (Published)
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Abstract
Carbon has been a raw material for several thousands of industrial products and their production from various bioresources is an active area of research. This article details production of carbon microspheres from rubber wood via hydrothermal carbonization (termed as hydrothermal rubber wood carbon, HTRW carbon). Synthesis were coordinated in two sets: (i) in the first set, excess of water (20-40 × weight of biomass) was used in the hydrothermal process at 180-260 ⁰C for 3-9 hours and (ii) in the second set, water ratio was 25 – 35 × weight of biomass and the HTC reaction temperature fixed at 260 ⁰C. The chemical and physical characteristics of the products were studied by elemental analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas adsorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The H/C and O/C atomic ratios of starting rubber wood was 1.78 and 0.85, respectively, which upon processing through the first strategy resulted in H/C ~0.78 and O/C ~0.29; thereby suggesting increased condensation under HTC.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | ISI Journal Citation Reports © Ranking: 2018:69/162 (Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology)75/172 (Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)52/138 (Engineering, Chemical)29/52 (Engineering, Environmental) |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Carbon microspheres; Rubber wood; Hydrothermal carbonization |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Faculty of Industrial Sciences And Technology |
| Depositing User: | Mrs. Neng Sury Sulaiman |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2019 07:48 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2019 06:36 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/23697 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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