Nurwadiah, Azizan and Chin, S. Y. and Muhammad Ridzuan, Kamaruzaman and Prasetiawan, Haniif (2020) Bio-based sorbitol azelaic acid ester synthesis through germanium (IV) oxide catalysed esterification. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Energy Security and Chemical Engineering Congress , 17-19 July 2019 , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp. 1-13., 736 (022098). ISSN 1757-899X
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Abstract
Conventionally, polyurethane (PU) is derived from the non-renewable petroleum feedstocks, polyol polyester and di-isocyanate. Bio-based polyol polyester is an alternate to reduce the environmental impacts of the petroleum-based polyol polyester. Bio-based reactants, sorbitol (SL) and azelaic (AA) acid were used in the esterification to produce sorbitol azelaic acid ester (SAAE) using germanium (IV) oxide (GeO2) as a catalyst. The experimental studies set at various operating conditions were conducted to determine the best operating condition that gave product with highest AA conversion and acceptable colour. The best operating condition was achieved at a temperature of 200°C, SL/AA reactant ratio of 4:1 and catalyst loading of 0.5 wt%, with the corresponding AA conversion of 90.10%. The kinetic data was well fitted to the Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) model with the corresponding activation energy of 11.55 kJ/mol.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Lecture) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | esterification, germanium (IV) oxide (GeO2), catalyst, sorbitol azelaic acid ester (SAAE) |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Centre of Excellence: Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow Institute of Postgraduate Studies Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| Depositing User: | Noorul Farina Arifin |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Mar 2021 08:56 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Mar 2021 08:56 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/30921 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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