Khairatun Najwa, Mohd Amin and Chaleat, Celine and Edwards, Grant and Martin, Darren J. and Pratheep Kumar, Annamalai (2022) A cleaner processing approach for cellulose reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites. Polymer Engineering and Science, 62 (3). 949 -961. ISSN 0032-3888. (Published)
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Abstract
In a manner of addressing challenges in scalable processing of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites through extrusion methods, this study reports a very clean processing approach of incorporating cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) into a TPU matrix, with no acid or organic-solvents usage. It involves a mechanical deconstruction of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) into nanoscale particles in water and polyol through scalable bead-milling, vacuum drying, and followed by twin-screw reactive extrusion with isocyanate and chain extender. The thermal stability of CNC was higher than that of typically acid-hydrolyzed CNC and suitable for processing with the precursors of TPU at typical processing temperature range (175–190°C). The CNC incorporation at very low loadings (0.5, 0.8 wt%) through this methodology resulted in substantial enhancements in tensile properties (for example, up to 28% in strength and toughness) without any significant stiffening effect. Moreover, the nanocomposites retained elastic properties, including elongation at break (%), resilience, and creep resistance. Their chemical properties and thermal transitions were also found to support the retained thermoplastic behavior while improving mechanical performance.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Indexed by Scopus |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | A: thermoplastics; Extrusion method; Mechanical; Micro-crystalline cellulose; Nanoscale particles; Polyurethane matrix; Processing approach; Reinforced thermoplastics; Thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites; Thermoplastic polyurethanes |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Institute of Postgraduate Studies |
| Depositing User: | Mr Muhamad Firdaus Janih@Jaini |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2022 07:47 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2022 07:47 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/33348 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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