Biodiesel Production Via Transesterification of Palm Olein Using Waste Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Shell as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

Gaanty Pragas, Maniam and Boey, Peng Lim and Shafida, Abd Hamid (2009) Biodiesel Production Via Transesterification of Palm Olein Using Waste Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Shell as a Heterogeneous Catalyst. Bioresource Technology, 100 (Issue ). pp. 6362-6368. ISSN 0960-8524 (Print), 1873-2976 (Online). (Published)

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Abstract

A recent rise in crab aquaculture activities has intensified the generation of waste shells. In the present study, the waste shells were utilized as a source of calcium oxide to transesterify palm olein into methyl esters (biodiesel). Characterization results revealed that the main component of the shell is calcium carbonate which transformed into calcium oxide when activated above 700 C for 2 h. Parametric studies have been investigated and optimal conditions were found to be methanol/oil mass ratio, 0.5:1; catalyst amount, 5 wt.%; reaction temperature, 65 C; and a stirring rate of 500 rpm. The waste catalyst performs equally well as laboratory CaO, thus creating another low-cost catalyst source for producing biodiesel. Reusability results con�rmed that the prepared catalyst is able to be reemployed up to 11 times. Statistical analysis has been performed using a Central Composite Design to evaluate the contribution and performance of the parameters on biodiesel purity.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Biodiesel; Heterogeneous catalyst; Transesterification; Methyl esters; Crab shell
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Faculty/Division: Faculty of Industrial Sciences And Technology
Unspecified
Depositing User: Dr. Gaanty Pragas Maniam
Date Deposited: 23 Sep 2013 03:39
Last Modified: 15 Sep 2017 02:36
URI: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4186
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