Investigating the role of oxygen and residence time in the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch

Mohamad Khairul Aiman, Mohd Fauzi and Hernaez, G. R. and Ruwaida, Abdul Rasid (2024) Investigating the role of oxygen and residence time in the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology (JCEIB), 10 (2). pp. 37-44. ISSN 0126-8139. (Published)

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Abstract

This research investigates the oxidative torrefaction of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) as a renewable energy source. EFB samples from the LCSB palm oil mill were torrefied at 250°C with residence times (RT) of 10, 20, and 30 minutes and oxygen concentrations (OC) of 0, 5, 15, and 21%. Each experiment was repeated three times. Visual observations indicated that the EFB colour darkens with increasing RT, particularly at 5% OC, where torrefaction was found to be optimal. Higher OCs of 15% and 21% led to combustion but were ineffective due to insufficient incineration. Mass yield decreased with increasing RT due to moisture and volatile loss. The torrefaction severity index (TSI) showed a linear increase in the enhancement factor with increasing TSI, while energy yield decreased as the enhancement factor exceeded mass yield. The optimal condition for torrefaction was identified as 5% OC and 30 minutes RT, balancing energy efficiency and mass retention.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biomass; Oxidative Torrefaction; Empty Fruit Bunch; Renewable Energy
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Faculty/Division:	Institute of Postgraduate Studies Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Mrs Norsaini Abdul Samat
Date Deposited:	11 Mar 2025 01:38
Last Modified:	11 Mar 2025 01:38
URI:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42446
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