F. K., Azmi and Muhammad Nor Fazli, Abd Malek and Maniam, Gaanty Pragas (2024) Catalyst effect on steryl glucosides concentration in palm-based biodiesel during transesterification process. Current Science and Technology (CST), 4 (1). pp. 45-50. ISSN 2785-8804. (Published)
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Catalyst Effect on Steryl Glucosides Concentration in Palm Based Biodiesel.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial. Download (326kB) | Preview |
Abstract
In this study, biodiesel was synthesized from crude palm oil through a double-step transesterification process using a CaO-SiO₂ bi-catalyst. The catalyst was designed to serve dual purposes: facilitating the transesterification reaction and removing steryl glucosides (SGs), a critical impurity in biodiesel. The process optimization was carried out using Central Composite Design to achieve maximum fatty acid methyl ester conversion. The synthesized biodiesel was characterized for density (0.863 g/cm³), viscosity (5 mPa·s), iodine value (19.572 g/100g), acid value (0.437 mg KOH/g), and conversion efficiency (81.71%), confirming its compliance with biodiesel standards. Catalyst characterization through SEM, XRD, BET, and FTIR analyses revealed an amorphous structure, high surface area (86.81 m²/g), and functional groups suitable for SG removal and catalytic activity. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed an SG removal efficiency of 79.15 %. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the CaO-SiO₂ bi-catalyst in integrating biodiesel synthesis and impurity removal in a single reaction, offering a simplified and efficient approach to biodiesel production.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bicatalyst; Transesterification; Steryl glucoside; CaO mixed SiO₂ |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Industrial Sciences And Technology |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Norsaini Abdul Samat |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2025 06:47 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jun 2025 06:47 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44718 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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