Nur Nadiah, Che Aziz and Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin and Fatmawati, Adam and Rozaimi, Abu Samah (2025) Eco-friendly synthesis of cellulose nanofibrils via mechanical-assisted ultrasonication treatment and film-forming characteristics for sustainable packaging materials. Polymer Engineering & Science. pp. 1-16. ISSN 0032-3888. (In Press / Online First) (In Press / Online First)
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Eco-_ Friendly Synthesis of Cellulose Nanofibrils via Mechanical-_ Assisted Ultrasonication Treatment and Film-_ Forming Characteristics for Sustainable Packaging Materials.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (1MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Incorporating cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) into chitosan has shown promise for enhancing mechanical and barrier properties. However, conventional CNF production methods are time-intensive, consume significant energy, and require hazardous chemicals. This study explores the enhancement of chitosan films by incorporating CNFs, a reinforcing nanomaterial derived from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), using mechanical-assisted ultrasonication without chemical pretreatment. The ultrasonication techniques leverage cavitation to disrupt cellulose structure and facilitate better dispersion and interaction within the matrix with higher CNF loadings (> 10% v/v). Ultrasonication effectively breaks down MCC into CNF, primarily through the formation of hydrogen bonds, leading to an increase in the crystalline index to 81.98%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses revealed that CNFs appeared as aggregates and clusters within the chitosan matrix. Adding 20% v/v CNFs significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the composite films, increasing the tensile strength by 39.60 MPa and the elongation at break by 106.29%. Incorporating CNFs into the chitosan film significantly improved the light transmittance and water vapor permeability properties of the composite films. Results suggest that ultrasonically extracted CNFs significantly enhance the chitosan film's structural and functional properties, making them a viable alternative for sustainable food packaging applications.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | cellulose nanofibrils; chitosan; packaging properties; ultrasonication; x-ray diffraction |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Centre of Excellence: Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow Institute of Postgraduate Studies Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| Depositing User: | Miss Amelia Binti Hasan |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jun 2025 04:16 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jun 2025 04:16 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/44840 |
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