Van Tran, Thuan and Nguyen, Duyen Thi Cam and Le, Hanh T. N. and Bach, Long Giang and Vo, Dai-Viet N. and Lim, Kwon Taek and Nguyen, Trinh Duy (2019) Combined minimum-run resolution IV and central composite design for optimized removal of the tetracycline drug over metal–organic framework-templated porous carbon. Molecules, 24 (10). pp. 1-21. ISSN 1420-3049 (print); 1420-3049 (online). (Published)
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Abstract
In this study, a minimum-run resolution IV and central composite design have been developed to optimize tetracycline removal efficiency over mesoporous carbon derived from the metal-organic framework MIL-53 (Fe) as a self-sacrificial template. Firstly, minimum-run resolution IV, powered by the Design–Expert program, was used as an efficient and reliable screening study for investigating a set of seven factors, these were: tetracycline concentration (A: 5–15 mg/g), dose of mesoporous carbons (MPC) (B: 0.05–0.15 g/L), initial pH level (C: 2–10), contact time (D: 1–3 h), temperature (E: 20–40 °C), shaking speed (F: 150–250 rpm), and Na+ ionic strength (G: 10–90 mM) at both low (−1) and high (+1) levels, for investigation of the data ranges. The 20-trial model was analyzed and assessed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) data, and diagnostic plots (e.g., the Pareto chart, and half-normal and normal probability plots). Based on minimum-run resolution IV, three factors, including tetracycline concentration (A), dose of MPC (B), and initial pH (C), were selected to carry out the optimization study using a central composite design. The proposed quadratic model was found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to a low P-value (<0.05), high R2 (0.9078), and the AP ratio (11.4), along with an abundance of diagnostic plots (3D response surfaces, Cook’s distance, Box-Cox, DFFITS, Leverage versus run, residuals versus runs, and actual versus predicted). Under response surface methodology-optimized conditions (e.g., tetracycline concentration of 1.9 mg/g, MPC dose of 0.15 g/L, and pH level of 3.9), the highest tetracycline removal efficiency via confirmation tests reached up to 98.0%–99.7%. Also, kinetic intraparticle diffusion and isotherm models were systematically studied to interpret how tetracycline molecules were absorbed on an MPC structure. In particular, the adsorption mechanisms including “electrostatic attraction” and “π–π interaction” were proposed.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Indexed by Scopus |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Minimum-run resolution IV; Central composite design; Response surface methodology; Metal-organic framework; Mesoporous carbon; Adsorption mechanisms |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Faculty/Division: | Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Mrs Norsaini Abdul Samat |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Oct 2019 08:04 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Oct 2019 08:04 |
| URI: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25148 |
| Download Statistic: | View Download Statistics |
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